PENYELESAIAN PELANGGARAN HAM BERAT MASA LALU
Abstract
Abstrak
Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Berat Masa Lalu adalah sebuah fenomena yang terus membayangi perjalanan transisi keadilan di Indonesia. Beragam dugaan kasus pelanggaran HAM berat yang terjadi pada era Orde Baru hingga saat ini, belum dapat diselesaikan secara akuntabel dan berkeadilan sesuai standar hukum HAM internasional. Impunitas masih menjadi kendala serius bagi Indonesia dan meskipun reformasi telah melewati 24 tahun sejak tahun 1998 hingga tahun 2022, pemenuhan, pemajuan dan perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia harus terus diupayakan. Keberadaan Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan HAM dan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM adalah sebuah kemajuan dalam reformasi hukum dan HAM namun kedua regulasi tersebut tidak akan dapat berjalan optimal tanpa adanya dukungan dari mekanisme non yudisial seperti Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi (KKR). Tahun 2004 Indonesia pernah mengesahkan undang-undang yang mengatur tentang mekanisme ini, namun sayang telah dibatalkan melalui proses uji materi di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Berikutnya patut kita tunggu bagaimana pelanggaran HAM berat masa lalu bisa diselesaikan dengan kerangka hukum yang ada.
Abstract
Past human rights abuses is a phenomenon that continues to cast a shadow over the course of the transitional justice in Indonesia. Various allegation of cases of gross violation of human rgiths that occurred during the New Order era have not been resolved in an accountable and fair manner in accordance with the international human rights law standards. Impunity is still a serious obstacle for Indonesia and even though political reform has passed 24 years since 1998 to 2022, efforts must be made to ensure fulfillment, promotion and protection of human rights. The existence of Law Number 26 of 2000 concerning the Human Rights Court and Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights are progress in legal and human rights reform, but these two regulations will not be able to run optimally without the support of non-judicial mechanisms such as the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. (TRC). In 2004 Indonesia passed a law on National TRC, but unfortunately it was canceled through a judicial review process at the Constitutional Court. Subsequently, we should wait to see how past human rights abuses can be resolved within the existing legal framework.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61802/if.v1i2%20Desember.375
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